{
  "slug": "datacenter-hardware-failure-tickets",
  "title": "Hard drives were 82% of 290,000 datacenter hardware failure tickets, and 2% of failed servers produced over 99% of the failures",
  "kind": "dataset",
  "summary": "Wang, Zhang, and Xu, DSN 2017, analysed over 290,000 hardware failure tickets from four years at one large Internet company. Hard drives were 81.84% of failures and 2% of failed servers produced over 99% of failures. Cross-check rows come from Schroeder and Gibson (FAST 2007) and Ford et al. (OSDI 2010).",
  "license": "Small derived table of figures printed in Wang et al. (DSN 2017), Schroeder and Gibson (FAST 2007), and Ford et al. (OSDI 2010), with credit. Not a Creative Commons license. The papers remain with their authors or publishers. This file is not a copy of the papers and not the data.",
  "licenseUrl": "https://netman.aiops.org/~peidan/ANM2018/11.EventPrediction/ReadingList/2017DSN_What%20Can%20We%20Learn%20from%20Four%20Years%20of%20Data%20Center%20Hardware%20Failures.pdf",
  "sourceUrl": "https://netman.aiops.org/~peidan/ANM2018/11.EventPrediction/ReadingList/2017DSN_What%20Can%20We%20Learn%20from%20Four%20Years%20of%20Data%20Center%20Hardware%20Failures.pdf",
  "accessed": "2026-10-11",
  "rowCount": 14,
  "columns": [
    {
      "name": "measure",
      "type": "string",
      "description": "The quantity as the source names it."
    },
    {
      "name": "value_low",
      "type": "number",
      "description": "Lower end of a printed range. Empty when the source prints a single value."
    },
    {
      "name": "value_high",
      "type": "number",
      "description": "Single printed value, or the upper end of a range. For 'over' or 'less than' it is the stated bound."
    },
    {
      "name": "unit",
      "type": "string",
      "description": "Unit of the value columns: tickets, years, percent, days, or fraction of blocks."
    },
    {
      "name": "scope",
      "type": "string",
      "description": "Population and window the value applies to."
    },
    {
      "name": "note",
      "type": "string",
      "description": "What the value is not, or the source wording behind it."
    },
    {
      "name": "citation_id",
      "type": "string",
      "description": "Id of the opened source in the citations list."
    }
  ],
  "downloadPath": "/data/datasets/datacenter-hardware-failure-tickets.csv",
  "humanPage": "https://hesela.com/analyses/datacenter-hardware-failure-tickets/",
  "limits": [
    "One company's fleet and ticketing rules; the company is not named in the paper.",
    "A failure is a ticket and includes SMART and error warnings, so shares are not failure rates per drive.",
    "The 42.2 day figure is operator response time, not repair time.",
    "The cause of the November 2015 batch is not known.",
    "The cross-check rows are other systems with other definitions."
  ],
  "citations": [
    {
      "id": "wang-dsn17-pdf",
      "title": "What Can We Learn from Four Years of Data Center Hardware Failures?, Wang, Zhang, and Xu, IEEE/IFIP DSN 2017, pages 25 to 36 (author PDF, copy on the netman.aiops.org reading list)",
      "url": "https://netman.aiops.org/~peidan/ANM2018/11.EventPrediction/ReadingList/2017DSN_What%20Can%20We%20Learn%20from%20Four%20Years%20of%20Data%20Center%20Hardware%20Failures.pdf",
      "accessed": "2026-10-11"
    },
    {
      "id": "schroeder-fast07-pdf",
      "title": "Disk failures in the real world: What does an MTTF of 1,000,000 hours mean to you?, Schroeder and Gibson, FAST 2007 (USENIX PDF, section 4 on other components)",
      "url": "https://www.usenix.org/legacy/events/fast07/tech/schroeder/schroeder.pdf",
      "accessed": "2026-10-11"
    },
    {
      "id": "ford-osdi10-pdf",
      "title": "Availability in Globally Distributed Storage Systems, Ford et al., USENIX OSDI 2010 (USENIX PDF)",
      "url": "https://www.usenix.org/legacy/event/osdi10/tech/full_papers/Ford.pdf",
      "accessed": "2026-10-11"
    }
  ]
}