{
  "status": "shipping",
  "advantages": [],
  "limitations": [
    {
      "text": "Continued access is not evidence that every stored block is readable or that full redundancy has returned.",
      "citationIds": [
        "zconcepts"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "supersedes": [],
  "supersededBy": [],
  "firstSeen": null,
  "lastSeen": null,
  "updated": "2026-10-13",
  "slug": "degraded-array",
  "term": "Degraded array",
  "aliases": [
    "Degraded RAID",
    "Degraded mode"
  ],
  "definition": "A degraded array is a redundant storage array operating with less than its configured healthy redundancy because one or more members are unavailable or not fully synchronized.",
  "note": "Degraded does not mean that every additional failure is survivable: remaining tolerance depends on the redundancy group and which members or blocks are affected [zconcepts]. In Linux MD, degraded counts missing members and decreases as devices become active; a dirty and degraded RAID5 or RAID6 array may have untrustworthy parity, so normal assembly can be refused [md].",
  "related": [
    "raid-rebuild",
    "hot-spare",
    "resilver",
    "raid-5",
    "raid-6",
    "raid-10",
    "raid-write-hole"
  ],
  "citations": [
    {
      "id": "zconcepts",
      "title": "OpenZFS 2.3: zpoolconcepts(7), device failure and hot spares",
      "url": "https://openzfs.github.io/openzfs-docs/man/v2.3/7/zpoolconcepts.7.html",
      "accessed": "2026-10-13"
    },
    {
      "id": "md",
      "title": "Linux 6.12 documentation: RAID arrays, recovery, resync and degraded state",
      "url": "https://docs.kernel.org/6.12/admin-guide/md.html",
      "accessed": "2026-10-13"
    },
    {
      "id": "hesela-rebuild",
      "title": "Hesela: RAID rebuild read-error models and resilver boundaries",
      "url": "https://hesela.com/analyses/raid-rebuild-ure-math-and-resilver/",
      "accessed": "2026-10-13"
    }
  ]
}