{
  "slug": "nova-fortis",
  "term": "NOVA-Fortis",
  "aliases": [
    "NOVA Fortis"
  ],
  "definition": "NOVA-Fortis is a research persistent-memory file system extending NOVA with snapshots and corruption protection.",
  "note": "Snapshot creation delays write faults on protected DAX pages until all mapped pages are read-only; application recovery may still be needed. [fortis-paper]\n\nThis is distinct from the original NOVA atomic-mmap interface. [nova-paper]",
  "status": "research",
  "advantages": [],
  "limitations": [
    {
      "text": "A local snapshot is not an independent backup; writable DAX pages remain an integrity-protection exception.",
      "citationIds": [
        "fortis-paper"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "related": [
    "nova",
    "dax",
    "persistent-memory",
    "snapshot"
  ],
  "supersedes": [],
  "supersededBy": [],
  "firstSeen": null,
  "lastSeen": null,
  "updated": "2026-11-14",
  "citations": [
    {
      "id": "fortis-paper",
      "title": "Xu et al. NOVA-Fortis: A Fault-Tolerant Non-Volatile Main Memory File System. SOSP 2017, sections 3.1-3.4 and 4.3. DOI: 10.1145/3132747.3132761.",
      "url": "https://cseweb.ucsd.edu/~swanson/papers/SOSP2017-NOVAFortis.pdf",
      "accessed": "2026-11-14"
    },
    {
      "id": "nova-paper",
      "title": "Jian Xu and Steven Swanson. NOVA: A Log-structured File System for Hybrid Volatile/Non-volatile Main Memories. FAST 2016, section 4.5.",
      "url": "https://cseweb.ucsd.edu/~swanson/papers/FAST2016NOVA.pdf",
      "accessed": "2026-11-14"
    },
    {
      "id": "hesela-pmem",
      "title": "Hesela: snapshot capture ordering, with an exhaustive teaching model.",
      "url": "https://hesela.com/analyses/pmem-persistence-domains-dax/#fortis-snapshots",
      "accessed": "2026-11-14"
    }
  ],
  "provenance": [
    "Historical paper synthesis; no prototype execution, hardware fault injection or benchmark reproduction."
  ]
}