{
  "status": "shipping",
  "advantages": [],
  "limitations": [
    {
      "text": "Dirty, degraded Linux MD RAID5/6 arrays may contain undetectable corruption; bypassing an assembly refusal is not a repair.",
      "citationIds": [
        "md"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "supersedes": [],
  "supersededBy": [],
  "firstSeen": null,
  "lastSeen": null,
  "slug": "raid-write-hole",
  "term": "RAID write hole",
  "aliases": [
    "Parity write hole"
  ],
  "definition": "The RAID write hole is the risk that interrupted member updates leave inconsistent parity and corrupt reconstruction of missing data.",
  "note": "One failed drive is recoverable only under the redundancy assumptions; inconsistent parity breaks that premise. Array parity consistency and application transaction atomicity are separate properties.",
  "related": [
    "raid-5",
    "parity-raid",
    "partial-parity-log",
    "write-intent-bitmap",
    "crash-consistency"
  ],
  "citations": [
    {
      "id": "md",
      "title": "Linux v6.12: RAID arrays, dirty/degraded assembly and bitmap metadata",
      "url": "https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/v6.12/Documentation/admin-guide/md.rst",
      "accessed": "2026-10-11"
    },
    {
      "id": "ppl",
      "title": "Linux v6.12: Partial Parity Log",
      "url": "https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/v6.12/Documentation/driver-api/md/raid5-ppl.rst",
      "accessed": "2026-10-11"
    },
    {
      "id": "hesela-raid",
      "title": "Hesela: RAID write hole, bitmap and PPL",
      "url": "https://hesela.com/analyses/raid-write-hole-bitmap-ppl/",
      "accessed": "2026-10-11"
    }
  ]
}