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Authenticated encryption

Authenticated encryption combines confidentiality with cryptographic integrity protection for the protected message.

Related Observatory article: Authenticated encryption on hesela.com

AEAD additionally authenticates associated data without encrypting it; another layer may protect its confidentiality. RFC 5116 defines decryption as returning plaintext or failure and requires compliance with the chosen algorithm's nonce rules. It leaves anti-replay services and access decisions outside the interface. [1] A storage design therefore needs a separate trusted freshness mechanism if it must reject older valid data. [2]

Relations

related
xts-aes, cryptographic-nonce, dm-crypt, luks, dm-integrity, cryptographic-hash, lost-write, replay-attack, rollback-protection

Limitations

Citations

  1. RFC 5116: AEAD scope, interface and nonce requirements, sections 1.2, 2 and 3.1 (accessed 2026-10-15)
  2. Broz, Patocka and Matyas: Practical cryptographic data integrity protection with full disk encryption (extended version), 2018, section 2.4 (accessed 2026-10-15)
  3. Hesela: Encryption is not authentication (accessed 2026-10-15)

JSON: /data/terms/authenticated-encryption.json