durable-linearizability · research

Durable linearizability

Durable linearizability requires a concurrent object's operation history to remain linearizable across system-wide crashes without losing completed operations.

Related Observatory article: Durable linearizability on hesela.com

The full-system model gives each era new abstract threads. A pending call may take effect before failure, be completed by later threads or have no effect, subject to a legal history. The condition does not require every interrupted call to resolve by the crash. [1]

Buffered durable linearizability can lose effects of completed calls. Retained portions of pre-crash eras must be happens-before-consistent cuts that remain linearizable when combined with subsequent execution. Unlike unbuffered durable linearizability, it is not generally compositional. [1]

Durability concerns abstract effects rather than every representation byte. A persistent set can recover links from durable membership information. In this proof framework, recovery must preserve the encoded abstract state even if recovery itself crashes. [2]

Relations

related
Linearizability, Memory persistency, Crash consistency

Advantages

  • Recovery correctness and operation correctness can be verified separately using explicit durable and recovered representations. [2]

Limitations

  • This safety condition alone gives no bound on recovery time or operation completion. [1]

Citations

  1. Izraelevitz, Mendes and Scott. Linearizability of Persistent Memory Objects Under a Full-System-Crash Failure Model. DISC 2016, sections 1-2 and 3.3. (accessed 2026-10-30)
  2. D'Osualdo, Raad and Vafeiadis. The Path to Durable Linearizability. POPL 2023, section 2 (pp. 8-9) and section 4.1. (accessed 2026-10-30)

Further reading

  1. Hesela. Persistent memory: DAX is not a durable commit. (accessed 2026-10-30)
Sources & caveats
  • DISC 2016 section 2, Definitions 1-4, supplies the full-system failure model and completed/pending-operation distinction; section 3.3 separates liveness conditions.
  • The Path to Durable Linearizability was read in sections 2 and 4.1 for the link-free-set representation and sound-recovery argument.
  • Source synthesis of a formal safety condition, not a hardware experiment or proof of a particular storage implementation.

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Hesela team. Durable linearizability. Hesela. 2026-10-30. https://hesela.dev/terms/durable-linearizability/