Fork-early-cancel
Fork-early-cancel is a redundancy model that cancels excess tasks once k tasks have started service, rather than waiting for k completions.
The retained tasks must still finish. Joshi et al. assume immediate cancellation and select k tasks uniformly if too many start simultaneously. This differs from a concrete tied-request protocol with message delay. [1] In Hesela's fixed schedule, retaining two starts discards a later fast task: completion is 100 ms instead of 15 ms with cancellation on completion. This counterexample is not a measured mean or a universal policy ranking. [2]