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Zarr

Zarr is a specification family for storing chunked multidimensional arrays as metadata and encoded objects in a key-value store.

Related Observatory article: Zarr on hesela.com

Storage model: metadata describes array shape, data type, chunk layout and codecs; chunk keys locate stored representations. Format versions and implementation versions are separate identifiers. [1]

Sparse regions: an uninitialized chunk can be represented by absence and read as the configured fill value. Readability alone does not establish that all intended observations were written or preserved. [1]

Shards: the indexed sharding codec places multiple inner chunks in one stored object. Its index can explicitly mark an inner region empty, so stored-object presence is not a complete inner-region inventory. [2]

Archive evidence: Hesela's version-scoped experiments separate expected presence, coordinate identity, generation consistency and consumer interpretation. [3]

Relations

related
Zarr fill value, Zarr consolidated metadata, HDF5, Backup verification

Citations

  1. Zarr format 3 core specification: fill values and array reads (accessed 2026-10-23)
  2. Zarr sharding codec 1.0: empty inner chunks and index layout (accessed 2026-10-23)
  3. Hesela: Zarr archive acceptance observations (accessed 2026-10-23)

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Hesela team. Zarr. Hesela. 2026-10-23. https://hesela.dev/terms/zarr/