command-based-switching · shipping · also SATA CBS

Command-based switching (SATA)

Command-based switching restricts outstanding commands behind a SATA port multiplier to one downstream device at a time.

Related Observatory article: Command-based switching (SATA) on hesela.com

The host completes work for the selected device before issuing commands to another target. This restriction concerns the target, not a universal one-command queue. [1]

AHCI explicitly permits NCQ operation in this mode, with the active queue drained before changing targets. [2]

A busy target can delay access to other attached drives even while those drives could perform work independently. [3]

Relations

related
SATA port multiplier, FIS-based switching (SATA), Native Command Queuing, AHCI

Citations

  1. SATA-IO Serial ATA Revision 2.6, section 16.7, page 545: command-based and FIS-based switching (accessed 2026-10-19)
  2. Intel AHCI 1.3.1, sections 3.1.1, 3.3.7, 3.3.16 and 9: capabilities and port-multiplier operation (accessed 2026-10-19)
  3. Scott Knowlton, Synopsys: Understanding SATA FIS-Based Switching (2013), connectivity and shared bandwidth (accessed 2026-10-19)
Sources & caveats
  • SATA-IO sections were checked through indexed primary-specification text; direct PDF retrieval was unavailable. [1]

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Hesela team. Command-based switching (SATA). Hesela. 2026-11-12. https://hesela.dev/terms/command-based-switching/